VOLUME 3 Issue 4/1

 DOI: 10.32636/agroscience.2024-(3)-4-1

WINTER RAPESEED DOES NOT LOSE ITS POSITIONS

Mykola SHTANKO, Institute of Agriculture of the Carpathian Region of NAAS

Selecting the highest priority areas for the development of agricultural production in the post-war period is an important task in reviving the Ukrainian economy. The inability to cultivate a third of highly fertile lands in the eastern and southern regions due to russian military actions and mining, forces domestic producers to increase production in other regions and guarantee food security for the population and increase the export potential to ensure the vital activity of the state. Under the current war law, there is a sharp decline in agribusiness and the food industry, positive trends and dynamics of development of related industries have been lost, and there are high risks in the provision of related services. The article reflects the national economic importance of winter rapeseed as one of the valuable oilseed crops in the food industry, animal feeding, biofuel production, as a honey plant of agrotechnical importance. The largest producing countries of rapeseed products and sales volumes in the world and Ukraine for 2023, a forecast for 2024 have been identified, sowing areas, gross yields, and yields are given. The varietal assortment of the “State Register of Plant Varieties Suitable for Distribution in Ukraine” for 2023 was analyzed. The directions for breeding this crop in accordance with production requirements are described. The biological requirements of winter rapeseed for growing conditions and innovative developments of domestic and foreign scientists regarding the timing and methods of sowing, seed sowing rates, the system of basic and foliar application of mineral fertilizers, microfertilizers, growth regulators, etc. are presented. The problematic issues of mentioned crop, namely – winter rapeseed cultivation technology are substantiated. The aim of the literature review was to substantiate the current state and prospects for the cultivation and production of winter rapeseed in the world and Ukraine.

Keywords: winter rapeseed, planting area, production, use, biological properties, agricultural cultivation technology