VOLUME 2 Issue 2/4

 DOI: 10.32636/agroscience.2023-(2)-2-4

INFLUENCE OF BIOLOGIZED FERTILIZER SYSTEMS ON PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF SOIL UNDER WINTER WHEAT 

Angelina DUBYTSKA, Oksana KACHMAR, candidates of agricultural sciences

Oleksandr DUBYTSKYI, candidate of biological sciences

Institute of Agriculture of the Carpathian Region of NAAS

The article presents the results of studies of the effect of biologized fertilizer systems on the physico-chemical properties of gray forest soil under winter wheat in crop rotations. The purpose: to determine the changes in the physicochemical properties of gray forest soil under winter wheat in crop rotations under the influence of biologized fertilizer systems. To achieve the goals, physico-chemical methods were used to determine: the pH of saline, hydrolytic acidity, the amount of absorbed bases and the content of calcium and magnesium in the soil. The most effective fertilizer system for gray forest soil was determined as follows: straw of peas or fodder beans with the addition of mineral fertilizers at a rate of N₉₀P₆₀K₆₀ + biostimulator (BS) + humic fertilizer (HF). At the same time, a noticeable neutralization of soil acidity was achieved: the pH of the saline soil solution increased to 5.13–5.18, hydrolytic acidity decreased to 2.16–2.25 meq/100 g of soil, and this was accompanied by a simultaneous increase in the amount absorbed bases up to 6.40-6.46 meq/100 g of soil. The contents of mobile forms of calcium and magnesium (Ca⁺⁺, Mg⁺⁺) in the soil increased to 5.5–5.7 meq/100 and to 0.76 meq/100 g of soil, respectively. When applying mineral fertilizers in the rate N₁₅₀Р₁₂₀К₁₂₀ on the background of legume straw + HF, a decrease in the value of saline pH was noted to its level in the control variant of 4.88–4.92; with this fertilizer system, hydrolytic acidity increased to 2.52-2.56 meq/100 g of soil, and this was accompanied by a decrease in the amount of absorbed bases to 5.82-5.86 meq/100 g of soil. Thus, the content of mobile Ca⁺⁺ and Mg⁺⁺ was 4.9 and 0.5 meq/100 g of soil, respectively. The above mentioned findings indicate a violation of the physico-chemical state of gray forest soil under winter wheat in the conditions of the last fertilizer system.

Keywords: saline pH, hydrolytic acidity, sum of absorbed bases, mobile calcium, magnesium, biologization, soil.